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Gupta, N. K.
- Growth and Standing Volume Estimation of Cedrus deodara (Roxb.) Loud. Stands under the Present System of Management in Himachal Himalayas - a Case Study
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Indian Forester, Vol 134, No 4 (2008), Pagination: 458-468Abstract
The present study on management of Cedrus deodara under shelter wood system is aimed at drawing attention for long sustenance of management practices. The study reflects some useful facts. The parameters like diameter, height, bole height and crown width increased with the increase in diameter of trees, however, number of individuals show decreasing trend with the diameter. Occurrence of broad leaved species in PBIV creating completion for establishment of main crop ultimately into less individuals. The variation in crop height was comparatively low (with 17.71 m minimum in PBIII and maximum of 22.92 m in PBI) in different PBs. The higher crop height in PBIV in comparision to PBIII was due to the presence of higher sized trees in PBIV and which were not removed in final felling thus affected the regeneration and growth of main crop. Mean crop basal area and crop standing volume was maximum in PBI, followed by PBII, PBIII and PBIV. The maximum basal area and standing volume was higher in diameter classes of crop diameter in PBII and PBIII, where crop was in proper distribution. The maximum total standing volume was recorded in PBI, showing sufficient tree density requires initiation for seeding felling treatment. Crop bole height and Crop crown width was maximum in PBII, followed by PBI, PBIII and PBIV. The correlation between different tree parameters of deodar was positive and significant. Standing volume of deodar trees can be well estimated by using diameter, height, crown width and bole height as independent variables using linear and log linear models. In a nutshell, the present system of management requires continuous monitoring for sustain yield regulation in connection with demand, supply and environment equilibrium.Keywords
Cedrus deodara, Standing Volume Estimation, Himachal Himalayas
- Post-issue Performance of IPOS in India
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Sinhgad Institute of Management, University of Pune, Pune, IN
2 USMS, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, IN
3 Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN
1 Sinhgad Institute of Management, University of Pune, Pune, IN
2 USMS, Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, New Delhi, IN
3 Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN
Source
International Journal of Financial Management, Vol 3, No 1 (2013), Pagination: 19-30Abstract
Initial Public Offers (IPOs) market is considered to be the safest way to invest in the stocks and it also assures profits due to underpricing. Therefore, it attracts every type of investors and very particularly the retail investors. However, gaps do appear in perceived profits and the actual profits. Expectations have been built around some sector stocks such as Public sector - considered as safe bet; Petrochemical and Infrastructure sector stocks - for assured long term appreciation; Finance and IT sector for quick profits, etc. This study is an attempt to capture the performance of IPOs across different sectors, over different time frames, to identify the performing sectors and the effect of the non-performing IPOs. Our results indicate that public sector stocks outperform all other sector stocks during short as well as long term period. Manufacturing sector stocks appear to be least performing stocks during short as well as long term duration. Further, if non-performing IPOs could be checked out, there would be substantial gains for the investors. We expect our study to serve as a guiding tool for retail investors to enable them to focus their investments.Keywords
IPO Market, Market Appreciation Analysis, Underpricing, Non-Performing IPOS, Retail InvestorsReferences
- Acharya, B. (2009). Only Three IPOs Out of 10 Deliver Positive Returns. Hindu Business Line (21 ed.). Vishakhapatnam.
- Aggarwal, S. K. (2008). Under-pricing of Initial Public Offerings: An Empirical Analysis of Indian IPO Market. International Journal of Strategic Management.
- Allen, F. & Gerald, R. F. (1989). Signaling by Underpricing in the IPO Market. Journal of Financial Economics, August, 23(2), pp. 303-323.
- Barry, C. B. & Jennings, R. H. (1993).The Opening Price Performance of Initial Public Offerings of Common Stock. Financial Management, 22(1), pp. 54-63.
- Brown, J. M. (1970). Post-Offering Experience of Companies Going Public. Journal of Business, January, 43(1), pp. 10-18.
- Deb, S. (2010). Risk-Adjusted Performance of IPOs. Paper Presented in International Conference at IIM. Calcutta.
- Deb, S. G. (2009). Some Insights into IPO Underpricing in India. Vilakshan, September, 6(2), pp. 1-14
- Garg, A., Arora, P. & Singla, R. (2008). IPO Underpricing in India. ICFAI Journal of Applied Finance, March, 14(3), pp. 33-42.
- Ghosh, S. (2004). Revisiting IPO Underpricing in India. Retrieved from SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=703501.
- Ghosh, S. (2005). Underpricing of Initial Public Offerings. Emerging Markets, Finance & Trade, Nov/Dec, 41(6), pp. 45-57.
- Jain, B. & Kini, O. (1994). The Post-Issue Operating Performance of IPO Firms. Journal of Finance, December, 49(5), pp. 1699-1726.
- Jain, N. (2009). Underpricing in Indian Capital Market. Paper Presented in International Conference on Economics & Finance, IBS. Bangalore. SSRN-id1748546.
- Jaitly, S. & Sharma, R. (2004). Pricing of IPOs and their After Issue Performance in the Indian Equity Market. Managerial Finance, 30(1), pp. 29-45.
- Janakiramanan, S. (2008). Under-pricing and Long Run Performance of Initial Public Offerings in Indian Stock Market, National Stock Exchange of India Research Papers. National Stock Exchange of India.
- Kakati, M. (1999). Price Performance of Initial Public Offerings. International Journal of Development Banking, 17(2), pp. 59-75.
- Krishnamurti, C. & Kumar, P. (2002). The Initial Listing Performance of Indian IPOs. Managerial Finance, Vol. 28(2), pp. 39-51.
- Kumar, K. C. J. S. & Vikaraman, P. (2009). Investor’s Preference on IPO’s in India. Paper presented in Second International GBMF Conference.
- Kumar, S. S. S. (2007). Short and Long Run Performance of Book Built IPOs in India. International Journal of Management Practices & Contemporary Thoughts, July-December, 2(2), pp. 20-29.
- Loughran, T., Ritter, J. R. & Rydqvist, K. (1994). Initial Public Offerings: International Insights. Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, 2(2-3), pp. 165-99.
- Madhusoodanan, T. P. & Thiripalraju, M. (1997). Underpricing in Initial Public Offerings: The Indian Evidence. Vikalpa, 22(4), pp. 17-30.
- Mayur, M. & Mittal, S. (2011). Relationship between Underpricing and Post IPO Performance: Evidence from Indian IPOs. Unpublished Paper Retrieved From SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1768725
- McDonald, J. G. & Fisher, A. K. (1969). New Issue Stock Price Behaviour. Journal of Finance, 27(1), pp. 97-102.
- Mishra, B. & Rahman, M. (2008). Evaluating Portfolio Performance: LPM-Based Risk Measures and the Mean-Equivalence Approach”, In Frank Fabozzi (Ed.). Handbook of Finance (2, pp 229-236). USA: John Wiley.
- Nanda, M. S. & Sawyer, K. R. (2002). Ex-Ante Uncertainty in Initial Public Offerings: The Indian Market. Finance India, September, 16(3), pp. 961-976.
- Reilley, F. K. and Hatfield, K. (1969). Investor Experience with New Stock Issues. Financial Analysts’ Journal, September-October, 25, pp. 73-80.
- Ritter, J. R. (1991). The Long-Run Performance of Initial Public Offerings. The Journal of Finance, 46(1), pp. 3-27.
- Shah, A. (1995). The Indian IPO Market: Empirical Facts, Technical Report. Mumbai: Centre For Monitoring Indian Economy.
- Shah, A. & Thomas, S. (2001). Policy Issues in the Indian Securities Market. Working Paper No. 106. Stanford University.
- Shelly. & Singh, B. (2008). Over-subscription and IPO Under-pricing: Evidence from India. ICFAI Journal of Applied Finance, December, 14(12), pp. 65-73.
- Simple Visual Technique for Location of Anterior Vibrating Line (Posterior Palatal Seal Area)
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Prosthodontics, U.P. Dental College and Research Centre, Lucknow, IN
1 Department of Prosthodontics, U.P. Dental College and Research Centre, Lucknow, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 1-3Abstract
The posterior palatal seal area has remained a subject of controversy as far as the marking of the anterior and posterior vibrating lines are concerned. Sometimes, the dentures are over extended or under extended which will either cause discomfort to the patient or will be less retentive to horizontal forces. Then in order to improve its retention the dentist has to perform various corrective measures. This technique describes the visual location of the anterior vibrating line by considering the difference in the colour and variations in the anatomic contour of the hard palate with the corresponding soft palate which is a very important step in the fabrication of a complete dentures or any removable prosthesis requiring post damming.Keywords
Anatomic Contour Posterior, Anterior Vibrating Line, Colour, Palatal SealReferences
- Colon A. Colón A, Kotwal K, Mangelsdorff AD., Analysis of the posterior palatal seal and the palatal form as related to the retention of complete dentures.J Prosthet Dent. 1982; 47: 23-7.
- DuBrul E.L., Sicher and DuBrul’s oral anatomy 8th ed. A.I.T.B.S.publisher & Distributors 1996
- Pendleton, E.C., The Minute Anatomy of the Denture Bearing Area, J Am Dent Assoc. 1934. 21: +8h.
- Orban’s oral histology
- Ettinger R, Scandrett F., Posterior palatal seal: A review. Aust Dent J 1980; 25: 197-200.
- Nikoukari H., A study of posterior palatal seals with varying palatal forms J Prosthet Dent; 1975; 34:605-613
- Winland RD, Young JM. Maxillary complete denture posterior palatal seal:Variations in size, shape and location. J Prosthet Dent 1973; 29: 256-61.
- Winkler’s essentials of complete denture prosthodontics.2nd Edition, Euroamerica Inc. USA, page-112-16
- Hardy IR, Kapur KK., Posterior border seal: Its rationale and importance. J Prosthet Dent 1958; 8: 386-97.
- Chen MS, Welker WA., Methods taught in dental schools for determining posterior palatal seal region. J Prosthet Dent 1985; 53: 380-3.
- Evaluation of Depth of Cure in Dental Composite Resins Photo-activated Using Different Methods
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Sardar Patel Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (Conservative Dentistry), IN
2 Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow, (Conservative Dentistry), IN
3 BBD College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, (Prosthodontics), IN
4 Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow, (Prosthodontics), IN
5 SKSS Dental College, Sarabha, Ludhiana (Conservative Dentistry), IN
1 Sardar Patel Institute of Dental & Medical Sciences, Lucknow, (Conservative Dentistry), IN
2 Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow, (Conservative Dentistry), IN
3 BBD College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, (Prosthodontics), IN
4 Saraswati Dental College and Hospital, Lucknow, (Prosthodontics), IN
5 SKSS Dental College, Sarabha, Ludhiana (Conservative Dentistry), IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 4-7Abstract
Aim
The study was aimed at evaluating the depth of cure and of a composite resin that was photo-activated using different methods.
Summary
A composite curing test fixture was filled with composite resin and photo-activation was performed using three methods: (1) Intermittent method (2) Continuous method (3) Exponential method. Depth of cure was measured at the unexposed bottom surface of the specimen using vicat polymer softening apparatus. The data was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test. Results showed that the depth of cure was highest with the intermittent method, followed by continuous method and the exponential method.
Keywords
Composite, Depth of Cure, Photo-activation MethodsReferences
- Uno S, Asmussen E. Marginal adaptation of a restorative resin polymerized at reduced rate. Scand J Dent Res. 1991;99:440–4.
- Rueggeberg FA, Caughman WF, Curtis JW, Jr, Davis HC. Factors affecting cure at depths within light-activated resin composites. Am J Dent. 1993;6:91–5.
- Venhoven BA, de Gee AJ, Davidson CL. Polymerization contraction and conversion of light curing Bis-GMA-based methacrylate resins. Biomaterials. 1993;14:871–5.
- Rueggeberg FA, Caughman WF, Curtis JW., Jr Effect of light intensity and exposure duration on cure of resin composite. Operative Dent. 1994;19:26–32.
- Harrington L, Wilson HJ. Determination of radiation energy emitted by light activation units. J Oral Rehabil. 1995;22:377– 85.
- Feilzer AJ, Doreen LH, de Gee AJ, Davidson CL. Influence of light intensity on polymerization shrinkage and integrity of restoration-cavity interface. Eur J Oral Sci. 1995;103:322–6.
- Miyazaki M, Oshida Y, Moore BK, Onose H. Effect of light exposure on fracture toughness and flexural strength of lightcured composites. Dent Mater. 1996;12:328–32.
- Tarle Z, Meniga A, Ristic M, Sutalo J, Pichler G, Davidson CL. The effect of the photopolymerization method on the quality of composite resin. J Oral Rehabil. 1998;25:436–42.
- K.D Jandt, R.W Mills, G.B Blackwell, S.H Ashworth. Depth of cure and compressive strength of dental composites cured with blue light emitting diodes (LEDs). Dent Mater. 2000;16(1): 41-47
- Sakaguchi RL, Berge HX. Reduced light energy density decreases post-gel contraction while maintaining degree of conversion in composites. J Dent. 1998;26:695–700.
- Sobrinho LC, de Lima AA, Consani S, Sinhoreti MA, Knowles JC. Influence of curing tip distance on composite Knoop hardness values. Braz Dent J. 2000;11:11–7.
- Prosthetic Treatment Modalities in Children
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Deptt. of Prosthodontics, NIMS Dental College, Jaipur, IN
2 Deptt. of Conservative Dentistry, Govn. Dental College, IN
3 Dept. of Prosthodontics, BBD College of Dental Sciences, IN
4 Dept. of Prosthodontics, BBD College of Dental Sciences, IN
1 Deptt. of Prosthodontics, NIMS Dental College, Jaipur, IN
2 Deptt. of Conservative Dentistry, Govn. Dental College, IN
3 Dept. of Prosthodontics, BBD College of Dental Sciences, IN
4 Dept. of Prosthodontics, BBD College of Dental Sciences, IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 8-10Abstract
Prosthodontic management of child patients is often a challenge because the affected individuals are quite young. This is important that child patients to receive appropriate dental treatments at an early age for physiologic and psychologic reasons. The main objective of the prosthodontic treatment are to restore the deciduous arch, the appearance of the child and the peace of the mind of the patient and at the same time to educate the parents and child regarding regular dental care. This paper reviews the various prosthodontic treatment modalities in child patients.Keywords
Ectodermal Dysplasia, Olgodontia, Anodontia, Groper Appliance, Maryland BridgesReferences
- Birgitta Bergendal et al. Prosthetic Habilitation of a Young Patient with Hypohidrotic Ectodermal Dysplasia and Oligodontia. International Journal of Prosthodontics Volume 14, Number 5, 2001
- J. F. Walsh et al. Pedodontic prostheses. J. Prosthet. Dent. July, 1976
- C. M. Pine et al. An investigation of the relationship between untreated decayed teeth and dental sepsis in 5-year-old children, British dental journal vol 200 N. 1 JAN 14 2006
- George Eden et al .Clinical evaluation of a pit and fissure sealant for young adults . J. Prosthet. DentJuly. 1976
- Finn SB, Clinical pedodontics (4th edition) Philadelphia, Saunders,1991
- N. P. T. Innes et al. A novel technique using preformed metal crowns for managing carious primary molars in general practice — A retrospective analysis, British dental journal vol 200 N. 8 APR 22 2006
- Stainless Steel Dental Crowns For Children’s Molars - A Childrens Dentist Explains Why By Jane A. Soxman, DDS
- L. Brian Toolson et al.A five-year longitudinal study of patients treated with overdentures. J Prosthet Dent June 1983 Vol 49 number 6
- Avinash S. Bidra. Complete Denture Prosthetics in Children with Ectodermal Dysplasia: Review of Principles and Techniques
- Albert D. Guckes et al. Prospective clinical trial of dental implants in persons with Ectodermal dysplasia. J Prosthet. Dent. 2002;88:21-5
- Management of Veau Group III Defect - a Velopharyngeal Obturator
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Prosthodontics, Babu Banarsi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, U.P., IN
2 Department of Paedodontics, Government Dental College, Lucknow, U.P., IN
1 Department of Prosthodontics, Babu Banarsi Das College of Dental Sciences, Lucknow, U.P., IN
2 Department of Paedodontics, Government Dental College, Lucknow, U.P., IN
Source
Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, Vol 3, No 1 (2012), Pagination: 36-39Abstract
Treatment of cleft lip and palate requires multidisciplinary management but the patient usually becomes a prosthodontist's responsibility, once all the surgical treatments have been attempted or discussed. The final onus lies on prosthodontist to compensate for remaining oral deficiencies.
This article describes and discusses the fabrication of Velopharyngeal obturator (using cast metal framework, heat cure acrylic resin and silicone soft liner) wherein an interim obturator was delivered before the final prosthesis was fabricated.
Impression technique for recording the defect required intraoral extension of loop tray in the mouth as reduced mouth opening contraindicated dual impression technique. Due the non availability of retentive features in the mouth i.e. short teeth, parallel walled extensive defect a cast metal framework was fabricated so as to achieve retention, stability and support for the prosthesis.
Keywords
Velopharyngael Obturator, Cleft Lip and PalateReferences
- Beumer, J.III, Curtis, T. A., Marunick, M.T. Maxillofacial Rehabilitation. Restoration of acquired hard palate defect. St. Louis: Ishiyaku Euro America; 1996. p. 238.
- Shobha Tandon. Textbook of Pedodontics. Dental care for the special child. 1st ed. Bangalore: Paras Publishing; 2001. p. 576.
- Beumer, J.III, Curtis, T. A., Marunick M.T. Maxillofacial Rehabilitation. Speech, palatopharyngeal function and restoration of soft palate defects. St. Louis: Ishiyaku Euro America; 1996. p.309.
- Baker, P., Brandt, R.L., Boyajian, G.Impression procedure for patients with severely limited mouth opening. J.Prosthet Dent 2000; 84:241-4.
- Beumer, J.III, Curtis, T. A., Marunick M.T. Maxillofacial Rehabilitation. Speech, palatopharyngeal function and restoration of soft palate defects. St. Louis: Ishiyaku EuroAmerica; 1996.p. 311.
- Henderson, D, and Steffel, V. McCracken’s Removable partial denture. 4th Ed. St. Louis: The C.V, Mosby Company; 1976.
- Applegate, O: Essentials of removable partial denture prosthesis. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: The W.B. Saunders Co; 1956.
- Javid, N. and Dadmanesh, J. Obturator design for hemimaxillectomy patients. J.Prosthet Dent 1976; 36:77.
- Fibiger, G., Rahn, A., Lundquist, D., and Massek. Movement of abutments by removable denture framework with a hemimaxillectomy obturator.J. Prosthet Dent 1977; 34: 555.
- Aramany, M.A. Basic principles of obturator design for partially edentulous patients. Part II: Design principles. J. Prosthet Dent 1978; 40:656- 62.
- Aramany, M.A. Basic principles of obturator design for partially edentulous patients. Part I: Design principles. J. Prosthet Dent 1978; 40:554 – 7.
- Phytosociological Status under Pink Cedar (Acrocarpus fraxinifolius Wight and Arn.) Plantations in Himachal Pradesh
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Authors
Affiliations
1 Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, 173230 (HP), IN
2 Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, 173230 (HP), IN
1 Department of Silviculture and Agroforestry, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, 173230 (HP), IN
2 Department of Basic Sciences, Dr. Y.S. Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry Nauni, Solan, 173230 (HP), IN
Source
Indian Forester, Vol 141, No 12 (2015), Pagination: 1252-1256Abstract
The present study was carried out at four sites. The spacing of site-I was 1.5m × 1.5m; site-II: 1.0m × 3.5m; site-III: 3.0m × 3.0m and site-IV: 4.0m × 4.0m at Solan, Himachal Pradesh. The maximum species diversity and basal area (BA) of grasses and herbs (56.65 cm2/m2 ) was at site-I having lowest plant spacing, with least basal area (BA) of shrub and woody regeneration (1.16 cm2/m2 ). Lantana camara and Murraya koenigii showed there presence at all the sites among shrubs, having dominance of Lantana camara at sites-I, -III and -IV. Apluda mutica, Chloris gayana and Chrysopogon montanus were present in all the sites among different grasses and herbs, however, Apluda mutica showed dominance at site-I and -III, while, Chrysopogon montanus dominated at site-II and -IV. Bidens pilosa dominated at site-I and -IV, while Erigeron annus was present at site-II and -III among herbs. Maximum similarity (60.00 %) between site-I and -IV was observed for grasses and herbs, however, for shrubs and woody regeneration, it (80.00 %) was observed between 3.0m × 3.0m (site-III) and 4.0m × 4.0m (site-IV) spacing.Keywords
Acrocarpus fraxinifolius, Spacing, Phytosociology.- Corporate Social Responsibility Disclosure and Corporate Financial Performance in Automotive Sector:A Study of Select Companies
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Authors
N. K. Gupta
1,
Shilki Bhatia
2
Affiliations
1 Ramjas College, University of Delhi, IN
2 Delhi Institute of Advanced Studies, Affiliated to GGSIP University, Delhi, IN
1 Ramjas College, University of Delhi, IN
2 Delhi Institute of Advanced Studies, Affiliated to GGSIP University, Delhi, IN
Source
ANVESHAK-International Journal of Management, Vol 5, No 1 (2016), Pagination: 85-101Abstract
The upsurge of the corporations has shaped and continues to produce many social problems. A corporate cannot afford to ignore the problems of the environment in which it functions. The organizations are expected to act conscientiously and assume responsibility for addressing these problems. It is no longer an easy task to be sustainable, i.e., meet the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of the next generations to meet their own needs. Therefore, the organizations are now being called upon to take responsibility for the ways their operations impact societies and the natural environment. Corporate social responsibility disclosures are still not an obligation in most of the countries but the concept has evolved in scope from purely financial accounting and reporting in the past to sustainability reporting today, incorporating reporting on economic, environmental and social issues. The literature scripts that the most studied aspect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has been its link to Corporate Financial Performance (CFP). A considerable amount of studies, theoretical insights and empirical findings have focused on understanding the relationship.
The present research conducts a study to understand the relation between the corporate social responsibility disclosure (economic, environmental and social) of companies with the corporate financial performance (return on equity, return on assets, profit after tax and debt on equity). The automotive companies listed in SENSEX constitute the sample and to examine the corporate social responsibility disclosure level, the reports of companies published in the five years commencing from 2009-10 to 2013-14 were considered. The findings of this research suggested no relationship between the CSR disclosure and debt on equity and the CSR disclosure (economic information) and profit after tax. However, a positive relationship between CFP variables (return on assets and return on equity) and CSR disclosure exists. The positive relationship between profit after tax and CSR disclosure (environmental and social information) of the companies is also highlighted in the study.
Keywords
Global Reporting Initiative G-3, National Voluntary Guidelines, CSR Disclosure Index, ROA, ROE, D/E Ratio, Profit after Tax, EPS.References
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- A Comparison of CSR Disclosure Guidelines and a Self-Prepared CSR Disclosure Index- A Study of Select Automotive Companies
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Authors
N. K. Gupta
1,
Shilki Bhatia
2
Affiliations
1 Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN
2 Delhi Institute of Advanced Studies, New Delhi, IN
1 Ramjas College, University of Delhi, New Delhi, IN
2 Delhi Institute of Advanced Studies, New Delhi, IN
Source
International Journal of Business Ethics in Developing Economies, Vol 4, No 2 (2015), Pagination: 32-38Abstract
In India, corporate social responsibility and its disclosure got attention during the eighties and have been gaining importance with time in present economic environment, especially after adoption of liberalisation, privatisation, and globalisation (LPG) (Goswami, 2011). Guidelines, principles, and codes are being developed by various regulatory bodies in India and across the globe to increase transparency and accountability about both a company's daily operations and the impact of these operations on society (Tran, 2014)In this paper, the author has studied the CSR guidelines laid down by Global Reporting Initiative G3.1 (GRI-G-3) and The National Voluntary Guidelines by Ministry of Corporate Affairs (NVG-MCA) and has compared them with a self-composed CSR Disclosure Index (CSRDI). The social responsibility initiatives taken by select Indian Automotive Companies have been analysed and the companies have been rated as per the disclosures made by them.
The main focus of the research is to compare the CSR Rankings of companies as per CSRDI with the companies' rankings as per GRI-G-3 and NVG-MCA. It was observed that out of 30 sensex companies, Maruti Suzuki and TATA Motors have been the pioneers in contribution towards CSR initiatives. The top five rated companies were TATA Motors, Maruti Suzuki, Mahindra and Mahindra, Hero Motocorp, Bajaj Auto, and Apollo Tyres.